NC Machining: An Indispensable Part of the Modern Manufacturing World
CNC machining is an indispensable part of the modern manufacturing world. This technology is compatible with both metal and non-metal materials and is used in many industries such as medicine, electronics, aerospace, maritime, architecture, construction, and consumer products. Selecting the right material for CNC machining requires considering factors such as the machinability, durability, and specific application requirements of the material.
This article will discuss the types, properties, and applications of materials that can be used for CNC machining. Continue reading to learn how to choose the most suitable material for CNC machining and tips for effective CNC machining!
Diversification of CNC Machining Materials
CNC machining has the flexibility to work with a wide range of materials. Common materials used for CNC machining include plastics, metals, wood, composites, and ceramics. However, plastics and metals are the most commonly used materials in industries, and this section will examine the types of metals and plastics frequently used for CNC machining.
Types and Examples of Metal Materials for CNC Machining
Metal materials are the most commonly used for CNC machining. They offer superior mechanical properties such as high strength, thermal resistance, electrical conductivity, and hardness. The metals commonly used for CNC machining are:
Aluminum
Aluminum is an extremely machinable metal with a wide range of uses. It is known for its excellent strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and low weight. It is often preferred in the aerospace and automotive industries.
Carbon Steel and Alloys
Carbon steel offers high machinability and superior strength properties. It is generally used in heavy load applications, but it is not preferred in aesthetic applications due to its low corrosion resistance.
Copper and Alloys
Copper has excellent electrical and thermal conductivity properties. It is widely used in applications such as electrical wires and magnetic devices.
Stainless Steel
Stainless steel is known for its shiny appearance, high strength, and corrosion resistance. It is commonly used in medical equipment and marine components.
Magnesium
Magnesium has high strength and low weight properties. However, it should be used with caution due to its low corrosion resistance and flammability.
Titanium
Titanium is a strong and lightweight metal. Due to its biocompatibility, it is used in the medical and biomedical sectors.
Types of Plastic Materials for CNC Machining
Different types of plastics are suitable for the CNC machining process and are used in the manufacture of various finished parts and prototypes. The plastic materials commonly used for CNC machining are:
Acrylic (PMMA)
Offers high hardness and optical clarity. It is used in applications such as glasses and lenses.
ABS
Has excellent machinability, tensile strength, and chemical resistance. It is widely used in automotive parts and protective housings.
Acetal (Delrin or POM)
Offers high toughness, and resistance to impact and moisture. It is used in the manufacture of precision components.
Polycarbonate (PC)
Offers optical clarity, heat, and impact resistance. It is widely used in medical devices and electronic components.
Polyether Ether Ketone (PEEK)
Offers excellent chemical resistance, high mechanical strength, and dimensional stability. It is used in the aerospace and medical industries.
Polypropylene (PP)
Offers high chemical resistance and fatigue resistance. It is used in medical applications and chemical tanks.
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
It is affordable, has high strength, and chemical resistance. It is used in plumbing equipment.
Nylon
Offers excellent impact resistance and lubrication properties. It is used in sliding surfaces and gears.
UHMW-PE
Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene offers durability, wear resistance, and high toughness. It is used in rollers and bearings.
Considerations When Choosing Materials for CNC Machining
When choosing the right material for your CNC machining projects, some considerations to keep in mind are:
Part Weight: Materials have different weight properties. Heavier parts may require stronger materials, while lighter parts may require low-density materials.
Application of the Part: Ensure the material meets the requirements of the intended application and working environment. For example, stainless steel should be preferred for maritime applications.
By considering these factors, you can choose the most suitable material for your CNC machining project and ensure a successful machining process.
